Workshop Department

1. Direct Measurement Systems

British System:

Units:

• Inch
• Foot
• Mile
• Mana (a unit of weight)
• Sher (a unit of weight)
• Savva (a unit of measure)
• Acre
• Guntha (a unit of land measure)
• Khandit (a unit of measure)
• Dozen

Conversions:

• 1 foot equals 12 inches
• 1 dozen equals 12 units
• 1 khandi equals 20 units
• 1 tola equals 10 grams

Metric System:

Units:

• Millimeter
• Centimeter
• Meter
• Kilogram
• Kilometer

Conversions:

• To convert meters to centimeters, multiply by 100
• To convert meters to millimeters, multiply by 1000

2. Machinery Information

1. Air Compressor Machine

Uses:

• Inflating tires
• Providing pressure for plasma cutters

2. Pipe Cutter Machine

Uses:

• Cutting pipes, angles, rods, and chains

Price: 12,000 INR

3. Movable Pipe Cutter Machine

Uses:

• Cutting pipes, angles, and giving different shapes to metal objects

4. Spot Welding Machine

Uses:

• Joining thin metal sheets together

Price: 70,000 INR

5. Bench Vice Machine

Uses:

• Bending metal objects

3. Questions and Uses

1. Uses of Air Compressor:

• Inflating tires
• Providing pressure for plasma cutters

2. What cuts pipes?

• Pipe cutter machine

4. Welding

Purpose: Welding

Materials Needed:

• Arc welding or gas welding machine
• Hand gloves
• Safety shoes
• Goggles

Procedure:

1. Wear safety gear before welding.
2. Use an arc rod for welding the metal.
3. Ensure the metal to be welded is grounded.
4. Turn on the machine, set the temperature, and start welding.

Types of Welding:

1. Arc Welding
2. CO2 Welding
3. Spot Welding
4. TIG Welding

5. Lathe Machine

Purpose: To create jobs, perform threading, cutting, and finishing.

Materials: Metal, wood, etc.

Procedure:

1. Turn on the lathe machine.
2. Move the carriage forward.
3. Make close cuts.
4. Surface the wood.
5. Polish with 60-number sandpaper.
6. Make a cut on one side.
7. Turn off the machine after the job is done.
8. Remove the finished job.

6. Power Hacksaw

Purpose: Learning to cut small and large wood, metal, sheets, etc., using the power hacksaw machine.

Materials: Wood, hacksaw blade

Procedure:

1. Turn on the power hacksaw machine.
2. Securely fit the wood to the working table.
3. Start the power hacksaw machine.
4. Use the blade to cut.
5. Open the vice after cutting.
6. Set the wood aside.

Machine Parts: Handwheel, blade, column, cooling pipe, support, machine vice, on/off switch

7. RCC Column

Materials: Cement, sand, aggregate, water, pipes, binding wire, etc.

Purpose: To fill columns using pipes with binding wire and cement.

Procedure:

1. Clean and oil the pipe.
2. Cut rods to 3.3 feet and bend them to 90 degrees at three inches.
3. Create circular shapes with seven rods, binding them at one-foot intervals.
4. Place the columns in the pipes, fill with concrete, and remove after setting.

8. Painting

Purpose: Learning to paint

Materials: Paint, thinner

Procedure:

1. Clean the surface to be painted with sandpaper.
2. Fill the spray gun with black paint.
3. Apply the paint using the spray gun.

Types of Paint: Distemper, oil paint, acrylic paint

9. Brick Masonry

Purpose: Learning to build structures with bricks

Materials: Bricks, trowel, line rope, plumb bob, hand gloves, shovel, water

Procedure:

1. Mix sand and cement in the right proportions.
2. Prepare the mortar and bring bricks to the worksite.
3. Start the masonry work.
4. Consult the supervisor for any difficulties.
5. Use approximately 1.5 bags of cement and 27 pails of sand.

10. CO2 Welding

Purpose: Learning and understanding different welding techniques

Materials: Four wheels, pipe on top

Tools: Welding helmet, safety shoes, apron, welding goggles, safety gloves, welding machine, wire unit

Procedure:

1. Gather all tools.
2. Prepare the table with pipes and sheet metal.
3. Cut and weld pieces using the CO2 welding machine.
4. Attach five-inch wheels after completing the table.

Definition: CO2 welding is the process of joining two similar or dissimilar metals by heating them to the appropriate temperature and applying pressure.

11. Plumbing

Purpose: Plumbing with different sizes of pipes

Tools: Trowel, bucket, ball valve, tap

Materials: PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride) pipes, Teflon tape

Pipe Types: Bangdi (threaded) pipes, round pipes, PVC pipes, GI pipes, UPVC pipes

12. Foundation Marking

Purpose: Marking and digging holes for poles at specified distances

Materials: Cement, sand, aggregate, water, buckets, ropes, trowel, plumb bob, shovel

Procedure:

1. Mark lines with ropes on both sides.
2. Ensure the rope lines are at right angles.
3. Make the foundation markings with lime.
4. Dig holes at specified distances.
5. Use appropriate size poles for the foundation.

13. Milling Machine

Materials: Spot drill, end mill, draw bar cutter, reverse bell end cutter, wood router

Purpose: Learning the use of various tools on the milling machine

Procedure:

1. Use the towel cutter to surface.
2. Secure a five-inch piece of wood on the milling machine table.
3. Shape the middle section with an E-shaped tool.
4. Change the tool to create a groove.

Tool Names: Slot drill, end mill, ball end cutter, wood router

14. Mobile App

Purpose: Working with materials using a mobile app

Materials: Mobile, bubble level app

Procedure:

1. Download the bubble level app on your mobile.
2. Use the level and direction tools provided in the app.

15. Ferrocement Sheet Making

Purpose: Making ferrocement sheets for tanks

Materials: Sand, cement, mesh, binding wire, paper, trowel

Procedure:

1. Cut four rods of 30 cm each.
2. Cut a 30 cm rod.
3. Cut a 1×1 foot welded mesh.
4. Cut a 1×1 foot chicken mesh.
5. Join the rods and mesh with binding wire.
6. Mix cement and sand in a 1:3 ratio.
7. Apply the mixture onto the mesh and level it.

16. FRP (Fiberglass Reinforced Plastic)

Purpose: Making sheets for sheds

Materials: Hardener, cobalt, pigment, FRP, glass mat

Procedure:

1. Clean the sheet with a cloth.
2. Apply wax to prevent sticking.
3. Mix resin with hardener and cobalt in a one-liter container.
4. Apply the mixture on FRP and let it dry for three hours.

17. Carpentry

17. CNC Wood Router

Definition: A CNC wood router is a computer-controlled machine used for cutting, engraving, and carving wood. It is controlled by computer programming, ensuring precision and repeatability.

Features:

• Accuracy: High precision due to computer control.
• Repeatability: Can replicate the same design multiple times, ideal for mass production.