Drip Irrigation system.
Drip irrigation :-Drip irrigation ek prakaar ka irrigation system hai jo paani ko directly paudhon ke
roots tak pahunchata hai.
Drip irrigation ke prakaar :-
- Surface drip irrigation.
- Subsurface drip irrigation.
- Sprinkler .
Drip irrigation kaise kaam karta hai :-
- Water source se paani ka pump mein bhajaya jata hai.
- Pump se paani ko pipeline mein bhejaya jata hai.
- Pipeline se paani ko drip emitter mein bhejaya jata hai.
- Drip emitter se paani ko paudhon ke roots tak pahunchaya jata hai.
Drip irrigation ke labh :-
- Water Conservation. (paani ki bachat).
- Increased crop yield. (fasal ki vriddhi).
- Reduced labor (kam majoori).
- Improved soil health. (mitti ki swasthya).
- Reduced weed growth (Ghahari ki vriddhi).
Drip irrigation system ke upyog :-
- Sabzi ki kheton mein.
- Phal ke baghon mein.
- Flower ke kheton mein.
- Narsery mein.
Polly house .30/08/2024.
Polly house :- Pally house ek modern tarikese ki jani wali subidha jonak Kheti karne ki tarika hai.
- Mousam ki prabhav se bachav
- Temperature control.
- Fasal ki utpatakata badhane mein madat.
- Water conservation better quality product
- Off season farming eise subidha woh ke liye ki jane wali Kheti ke liye polly house banaya subidha hai.
Irrigation system, polly house ka design, better quality product water conservation temperature control, mousam ki prabhav se bachav.
Material :- Pope aur fitting ,drip irrigation system ,pump aur water tank ,cooling system, ventilation system.
- Roofing material, door, foundation material, net pest control system, electricity connection.
- Elimate control system.
- Humidity control system, design aur docation par nivbhar karta hai.
Gliricidia ki patto se khad banana.1/09/2024.
Practical :- Gliricidiya ek paudha hai jiska patto ki upyog khad banane mein kiya jata hai.
Gliricidia :-
- Nitrogen -2.4%
- Potaciom-1.8%
- Phasphorus 0.1%
- Calcium
- Magnesium
Gliricidia ki patto se hamne khad teyar kiya tha.
Gliricidia ki patta :-
- Weith 400gm
- Paani 200 letter
- Boil – 20 minit
- liqueq calour +MgSo4 -40gm
Gliricidia ki se khad ke prakaar.
- Gliricidia compost.
- Gliricidia liquid manure.
- Gliricidia orgonic fertilizer.
Gliricidia ke patto se khad ke upyog :-
- Paudhon ke liye khad ke roopmein upyog karein.
- Mitti ki urvarta badhava ke liye upyog karein.
- Fasal ka growth ko badhava dene ke liye upyog karein.
Gliricidia ki patto se khad banane ke fayde :-
- Uchah nitrogen content.
- Organic aur eco-friendly.
- Mitti ki urvarata badhata hai.
- Poudhon ke growth ko badhava deti.
- Kam laagat.
Hydroponic kheti bibostha. 18/09/2024.
Hydroponic Kheti bibostha:-Hydroponic ek tarah ki Kheti hai jismein paudhe mitti ki bagay paani mein upaye jata hein
Ismein paudho ko pashak tatva aur paani ki janurat unussar diya jata hein.
Material :-
- Hydroponic system.
- Drip irrigation.
- Pashak tatva.
- Paani .
- Oxygen supply.
- Temperature control. Pipe aur fitting.
- Pump .
- Sensors .(Ph, EC temperature).
- Contraller ,(time, Automaton).
- Electricity connection).
Paani ka treatment :-Water filter (sediment filter).
Activate corbon filter.
- Ph meter.
- Ec meter.
- Water softener.
Fayda :-
- Mitti ki kami mein bhi Kheti ki ja sakti hai.
- Paani ki bacht hoti hai.
- Paudha ki virddi tez hoti hai.
- kam majdoor ki jarurat hoti hai.
Upoyog :-
- Tomatar .
- Khira .
- Cucumber .
- Strawberries .
- Salad leanes.
lav :- Paani ki bachat hoti hai.
- Matti ki kami mein bhi Kheti ki ja sakti hai.
- Kam majdoor ki jarurat hoti hai.
- Paudha ki vriddhi tez hota hai.
- Lagat mein adhik hota hai.
- Technically knowledge ki jarurat hota hai.
- Paani ki quality ka dhyan rakhna hota hai.
- Paudha ki dekhbhal ki jarurat hoti hai.
- Market ki jarurat hoti hai.
Soil testing :- 19/09/2024.
Sep 26, 2024 | Uncategorized
Soil testing :-soil testing ek mahatvapurn prakriya hai jo bhomi ki gunvatta ko nirdharit karta hai.
- Fasal lagane se pehle
- Fasal ka vikas ke dauran.
- Fasal kaat ke baad har 2-3 sail mai naya khet laganese pehle.
- Nitragen.
- Phaspharas.
- Potaciam
- Ph
- Oeganic corbon.
Nitrogen :- Nitrogen protein ka ek mahatvpuen ghatok hai jo paudhe ki vikash mein madad karta hai aur nitrogen patle ke nirmaan
mein madat karta hai aur unhi hara rong deta hai aur futosyn thesis prakri ya mein madad karta hai jisme paudhe surya ki prakash se urga prapt karta hai aur falon ki utpatakta badhane mein madad karta hai.
Nitrogen ki kami lukshan.
- Pathe pela pad jata hain.
- Paudhe ka vikas ruk jata hai.
- Fasal ki utpatakta kam ho jati hai
- Paudhe kamjor ho jate hain.
Phasphorua :-phasphorus roots ki vikas mein madat karta hai aur phasphorus phoalon aur falon ki vikas mein madat karta hai.
Phasphorus protein ka nirmaan mein madat karta hai.
Phasphorus urja utpaadan mein madat karta hai. aur DNA ka nirmaan mein madat karta hai.
Phasphorus ki kami :-
- Root kamyor ho jata hein.
- Phool aur fal kam ho jata hai.
- Paudhe ka vikash ruk jata hai.
- Patte pila pad jate hein.
Phasphorus ke srat :-
- DAP (Diammoniom phasphorus)
- Single Super phasphorus (SSP).
- Triple Super phasphorus (TSP).
- Phasphorus acid.
Potaciam:-
- Paudho ki vikas mein madat karta hai. Patte ki vikas mein madat karta hai.
- Phool ki vikas mein madat karta hai.
- Root ki vikas mein madat karta hai.
- Paudhe ki rogon se ladaai mein karta hai.
- Paudhe ki viddhi aur utpatakta badhane mein madat karta hai.
Potaciam ki kami ka lakshan :-
- Patte pila pad jata hein.
- Phool aur fal kam ho jate hein.
- Root kamjor ho jate hein.
- Paudhe ki vriditi ruk jati hai.
potaciam ki srat :-
- Potash (KEI)
- Muriate of potash (MOP).
- Sulphate of potash (SOP) .
- Patassium nitrate. Hamne sikha :-khati se matte jik jak taise se lani chahiye. Aada se ek kg matti lani chahiye aur use bhago karna hai. aur se 250 gm matti leni chahiye aur use ko test karma hai. Aur testing karte time aporom peheni chahiye.
Gress nikalna —18/09/2024
practical :-Kheti mein usefull nahi hone wali paudhe ya gress ko weeds kehlata hein yeh paudhe Kheti ki urvarata ko kam kar deti hein aur paudhe ki vriddhi rok deti hein.
Common gress :-
- Dhub gress.
- Kans gress .
- Jangli gress.
gress ki nakaratmak prabhav.
- Paudho ki vriddhi ko rok deta hein.
- Khet ki urvarata ko kam kar deta hein.
- Paani aur khad ko absorb kar lita hein.
- Paudho ki liye competition kar deta hai.
Gress ki character :-
- Paani —paani kam hone se bhi gress ugota hai.
- Season :-season koye gress 1 sal rukota hai aur koye gress 3se 4 mahine mein hi ugota hai aur mar jata hai.
- Germination :- is gress ka dhadone ki kiyomota jada hota hai. aur a lagaye huye Kheti mai jada hoti hai.
Nutrients :-nutrients extra gress hone se jo khati ham karte hai ya jo paudha ham lagate hai use ka nutrients kam ho jata hai.
Ham jo paani dete hai uska aadha extra gress hi lelete hai.
Kheti :-khati mai jo extra gress hota hai use nikalne ki liye extra kharcha lagota hai.
Gress ko control karna. herbicide karne ka upai.
- Silictve :-jo extra gress hai use solicit karke usme dabaye ka charkao karna.
- Tivzer maize crop.
- Goul tergasuper.
Non selective :-jise selecti nhi kar sakta usehi non selective gress bolte hai.
- Meera Ammonium salt.
- Roundup of glyphosate.
- Glyphosate .
- Diamind .
Hamne sikha :-hamne sikha ki khati mai se gress kise nikalte hai. Kun kun si herbicide karsakte hai.
Dudh nikalne ki podhoti——Date 22/09/2024.
Practical — pasuwoka dudh nikalta samai sahi tarikese dudh nikalna chahiye.
Podhotiya —
Hathse dudh nikalna.
- Muth podhoti .
- Chikuta Podhoti.
- Aagutha Podhot.
1.Muth podhoti –gai ka dudh nikalte samai mudh podhti ko proyog karta hein.
2. Chikuta podhoti –chikuta podhoti ka proyog bakri ya ver ki dudh nikalte samai karte hai.
3.Aagutha podhoti –se proyog ko baffloo ki dudh nikalne ke liye kiya jaata hein.
es prun mudh podhoti bhi kaha jaata hein.
Machine –do tarike se dudh nikal sakte hein. ek Solar se aur electricity se chalti hai.
1.Electricity machin :electricity machin mai 10 letter dudh nikalne ke liye 5 minite lagta hai.
2.Solar machine –Solar machine mai 10 minite mai 10 letter dudh nikal sakte hai.
machine –machine ka proyog jada tar gai ka dudh nikalne upoyog karte hai. Q ki gai ka ston
kumal tehti hai.
3.Luksan–1.Machine kharidna .
2.jada der gai ka ston mai rakhone se sujan aa sakti hai gai bimaer ho sakta hai.
Hath ki faida —1.dudh pura nikalta hein.
2.Ismai gai ka kai loksan nahi hota hein.
Luksan —1.time jada lagti hein.
2.lebaur jada lagta hein.
3.kharcha jada hoti hein.
posuwaki farm ki safai —-
- Posuwoki safai mai dhiyan rakhna chahiye.
- Nahana insect ka dhiyan rakhna.
Farmki safai karna har 6 month mai farm dhona white colour chuna marna chahiye use kitanu marta
hai aur paani ka tenki saf rakhna hai.
- Aas pas ka saf safai ka dhiyan rakhna chahiye.
- Farm ka compound thik hona chahiye.
- Khana saf ho use dhiyan rakhona chahiye.
- plastic bag se savdhani parakna chahiye.
- Khaido bibosthar surakshan rakhona chahiya.
- Gobor dhalne ki jaga farm se dhur jaga chahiye.
- Dudh nikalne ki jaga saf hona chahiye.
Mirch rupon
Sep 24, 2024 | Uncategorized
1.Practical : Mirch ka phoda lagaya.
2. Material:mirch ka phoda, matti, rasaynic khad, ssp, khuponi,
paani ,roko paudar.
3. Project :Hamne pele halchalaya use bad grass aur pathr nikala
fri vete banaya. Use bad rasaynic khad aur ssp mix karke khati
mai diya. Fri se khurpni chalaya aur paani dhala. Mirch ki bejj
ke 1 mahine ki bad phoda laga sakte hai. Mirch ka phoda laye.
15 letter paani mai 50gm roko pudar mix kya aur mirch phode
ke jar ko 5 minit tak dubake rakhona hai. 5 minit ke bad phode
lagaya .ek phode se dusri phode ki dure 60 cm hai.
mirch ek mahatvaporn masala hai jo vishva mein sabse adhik
upyog kiya jata hai. Mirch ke prokaar 1.lal mirch 2.hari mirch 3.
Kaali mirch 4.safed mirch.
sugaundhit aur swadisht. vitamin c aur antioxidants se bharpoor.
Pachan mai madad karta hai. Pachan sudharta hai. kolestrol kam
karta hai. Cancer se bachta hai.
4.Hamne sikha :mirch ke phode ko kise lagaya jaata hai. rasaynic
khad ke satha ssp v diya jaata hai. Phode roko pauda ko Paani mai mix
karke bhigana hai 5 minit tak. aur lagate hai .use mix paani ko phode
mai dalte hai. Seede treatment sikha. bejj bole ke 1 mahine ke bad
Phoda ko lagaya jata hai. Phode ko nikalta wat paani diya jata hai.
Grafting kya tha. 1/09/2024
Sep 23, 2024 | Uncategorized
1.Practical : Aam ka Grafting kya hai.
2. Material : Grafting knife, grafting tape, root hormone, plant
nutrents ,c katar .
3. Process :Grafting ek technique hai jisme ek plant ke ek hisse
ko dusre plant par lagaya jata hai.
Grafting ke fayde : Naya plant ki growth badh jaati hai. Plant
ki immunity badh jaati hai. Fruits aur flowers ki quality badh
jaati hai. Plant ki life span badh jaati hai. Pest aur disease
protection .climate change ke anukul. High yield aur production.
kharab plant ko naya life milta hai. ek hi plant se kai variety ke
fruits milti hai. Plant ki size aur shape control hoti hai. plant
ki root system majboot hota hai.