Section 3: Electrical and Environment

Practicle no.1:- Safety and Precaution

Motive:- To raise awareness for Electrical Safety.

Electric Safety:-

1. Safier Method
2. Sylvester Method
3. CPR Method
4. Mouth to Mouth resuscitation

Importance of Safety:-

1. all electric jobs should be done by executed by expeirienced indivisuals.
2. We shouldnt work on live circuit.Rubber gloves should be used if required
3. While working on ladder make sure the ladder is on the ground/ have a helper to hold the ladder
4. use ISI marked acessories.
5. Shutoff all the swicthes before changing a fuse.
6. While using electric equipment avoid usage of water.
7. Dont use open wire.

Reasons for Electric shock:-

1. Exposure to live wire.
2. Lack of Earthing
3. Exposure to wires of different polarity.

Post exposure to Electric shock, how can we help a Indivisual?

Do`s:-

Immediately turnoff the Main supplyof that area.

loosen the indivisuals clothes

Sprinkle some water on he indivisuals face

Don`ts:-

The indivisual shouldnt be laid on the floor

We shouldn`t leave the wounds open, if any.

Can Electricity cause Fire?

Shot wiring

Loose wiring

Over loading

(In such cases we should call Fire Brigade as an Safety measure.)

Us doinng a Practicle on resuscitation:-

Practicle No 2:- Rain Guage

Motive:- Being able to calculate average rainfall in our vicinity

What is a Rain Guage?

A Rain Guage is an Instrument used by Meteorologists and Hydrologists to gather and measure the amount of liquid precipitation over a predifined area, over a period of time. It is used to measure exact depth of precipitation (usually in mm) that occurs over a

unit area thus measuring rainfall amount.

Us understanding the Functioning of Rain Guage

Formulae for calculating Rain:-

Rain= Rain water x 10mm

Diametre of the Funnel

Eg:- 3.14 x 4 x 4

50.24

Water= 113ml

1m3 = 1000 litre 1ml= 1cm3

= 113cm3

50.24

= 2.24 mm

Practicle No 3:- Grey Water

What is Grey Water Management?

Grey Water is generally waste water from Showers, Baths, Basins and Washing machines, the process of Grey Water Filtration in general means Filteration of this water and reusing it, we can filter this water and use it for various things

The process works according to the diagrams shown below:-

Benefits of planting such plants:-

what can we plant for purification of water?

1. Indian Shot/ African Arrowroot
2. Jalparni
3. Azolla

Practicle no 4:-Wire Guage

what is a Wire Guage?

Wire Guage is measurment of wire diametre, This helps determine the amount of electricity the wire can carry, guage of a wire determines wire thickness. Each guage is represented by a number.

To perform this practicle we need:- Wire, Wire Guage.

1. First take a wire, remove its insulation
2. Take the Wire, and insert it in the wire guage
3. If the wire fits perfectly then that should be the guage.

Eg:- 1/ 32= one wire 32mm

20/34 = 20 wire 34mm

Practicle No5 :- Biogas

What is Biogas?

Biogas is Renewable Feul produced by breakdown of organic matter such as food scraps and animal waste.

What sort of Waste can be used to produced Biogas?

A wide variertyof waste material breaks down into biogas, including animal manure, muncipal rubbish or waste, plant material, food waste or sewage

What can be uses be of biogas?

As a replacement of natural gas- if Biogas is cleaned up and upgraged to natural gas standard, its then known as Biomethane and can be used similar way to methane, this can include cooking and heating.

Practicle No 7:- Connecting Plug Pin Top

Motive:- Learning to connect Plug Pin Top

Learn to wire a board

Steps :- 1) First take a Red and Black wire.

2) Strip the wire insulation.

3)Open the plug pin topthere are 3 Terminals in the Plug pin top

1. Phase R wire
2. Erthing wire
3. Nuetral B wire
4. Connect the phase R wire
5. Connect the Negative B wire and for Earthing Green wire
6. This is how we should connect Plug pin Top.

Practicle No 8 Measuring the batteries water level

Motive:- Checking Batteries Gravity, Learning how do Battery Maintainence

Instruments:- Battery,Hydrometre,Coin

Steps:- 1) Firstly check Batteries level.

2) The Battery which has less level add water in that.

3) A battery has 6 cells and contains 12 Watt Battery

4) Within these 6 cells,remove the cap of one cell, and with the help of the Hydrometre measure the density of the battery

Who invented Battery?

In the year 1800s a Scientist named Volta invented the first Battery.

Battery Types:-

1. Dry cell:- used in torch, Tape recorder, clock.
2. Rechargeable batteries:- used in Mobile phones
3. Lithium ion Batteries
4. Lead acid

Practicle No.8 Checking Cells and Batteries Voltage

Motive:- checking cells Voltage

Instruments :- 6v,4v batteries,cell, notebook pen

Steps:- 1) First take a completely Drained battery

2) It has Plus and Minus Terminals

3) Connect the multimetrees wire to the terminals and check the wattage.

4) And checked the cells voltage as well, the same way.

Sequence:- it contains nickle ocxide

It also contains solution of KOH

The voltage is 1.4

Lead Acid Battery:- Mixture of H2 S04

found by:- Gaston Plante in 1860

Battery:- Pb02 + – lead dioxide

Pb – lead

H2S04 – Surface acid

cell – 6

1 cell Voltage – 2 volt

Practicle No 9 Pressure Stove and Wick stove

Motive:- To Understand how Pressure Stove and wick stove works

1. Wick Stove:- In this Stove the oil gets sucked through the wick, this stove dosent reqiure oxygen to function

Pressure Stove:- Tank pump, Burner, are important parts in a stove, Kerosene can be used while lighting the stove and to heat

Steps:- While lighting up the Stove, heat the burner

Practicle No 10 Level Tube

Motive:- To understand how Level tube works.

Instruments:- Level tube, water, marker

Steps:- 1.