1. Single Phase

  • Wires: Usually Phase (L) + Neutral (N) + Earth
  • Voltage: About 230 V in India
  • Used for: Homes and small loads
  • Examples: Fan, light, TV, refrigerator, small motor
  • Power: Suitable for comparatively smaller loads

2. Three Phase

  • Wires: 3 Phase — R, Y, B + Neutral (N) + Earth
  • Voltage: About 400–415 V phase-to-phase; about 230 V phase-to-neutral
  • Used for: Industries, workshops, commercial buildings and large motors
  • Examples: 3-phase motors, pumps, compressors, large machines
  • Power: Suitable for larger loads and gives smoother motor operation