gai ka dudh ka fats ka jankari

khei Mei medicine spray karte somoi sabdhaniyata..11/09/2024.

khet mein medicine spray karte somoi rakhne wale sabdhaniyata .. ….koi v kheti karei ham apne kheti ki problem honese jeise koi bimar ,kira ,production na milnese medicine ki proyog kerte hain .ismei hamei koi prokar ka sabdhaniyata porokna chahiye jeise.

1)medicine dukanse kharidse somoi ricepes Lana mat bhule .

2)dukanse late somoi khane ki chig se sath mixed karke na laye.

3)medicine lake sahi Stan par rakhe .

4)mask pehanna chahiye.

5)hathon mein dastane pahanna chahiye.

6)akhon ko bachane ke liye chashma pahanne chahiye.

7)hamesha long kapra use korei .aur spray karte somoi koi v khane ki chig na khate.

Medicine spray.——

• Medicine ko sahi Matra mein milaye ,
• Khali botol ko sahi jaga mein rakhe .
• Hawa ka distance ko dhiyan mein rakhe.
• Subha ya sham ko spray karei.

spray ke baad—–

• Paudhon ke ass pass ko bachayein.
• Pacha huwa medicine ko koi pokhra mein na milaye .
• Medicine ki Khali botol ko gadha khod Kar Acha se jamin ke niche gar de.
• Use kapra ko ache se dhoye aur ..achase nahaye..

खेत में मेडिसिन स्प्रे करते समय रखने वाल सावधानी आत

Traditional aur modern kheti ke ware mein jankari….27/08/2024.

Traditional kheti—

• ismein paramparik tarikese kheti ki jati hain.
• Sidhe haath ya saadharan upyok se kheti ki jati hain.
• Organic khad aur pesticides ka upyok kiya jaata hain.
• Fasal ki Chayan aur unke sanrakshan karna mahatvapurn hain.

modern kheti—-

• Ismai naya technology aur machine ka upyok kiya jaata hain.
• Chemical khad aur pesticides ka. Upyok kiya Jata hain.
• Pasal ki Chayan aur unke sanrakshan karna mahatvapurn hain.
• Pani ki bachat aur uske samriddhi par dhyaan diya jaata hain.

dono tarekon ke apna faida aur nuksan hain ,traditional kheti main prakritik tareeke se kheti ki jaati hai lekin ismein

utpaadakta kom hoti hain ,modern kheti mein naya technology ka upyok kiya jaata hai .lekin ismein prakritik

sansaadhan ka dushprabhav ho sakta hai.

Modern kheti …..

• Drip errigation.
• Sub surface errifation.

Drip errigation—–1)ismein dhire dhire Naso ke through fasal ke roots main pohunchaya jaata hain.

2) paani ki bachat hoti hai ,kyunki paani sirf fasal ke liye upyok kiya jaata hai.

3) fasal ki growth badhti hai our paani ki zaroorat kom hoti hai.

sub -surface errifation–1)ismein paani ko zameen ke niche pipeline ke though pohunchaya Jaana Hai.

Drip errigation—-P.V.C pipe >gromet>tack off >lateral>dripper >end cap.

lateral 12mm,16mm ,14mm size mein pai ….

driper…Area>planting distance > lateral>no of plant driper.

modern kheti paani Dene wala aur kuch podhotiya……

• Spring pump .
• Hand hind spring pump , portable spring pump ,tractor mountain spring pump ,battery operat pump.

1. Hand hind spring pump—-ye ek emergency water supply hai.joh easy se chote aria ki podhe ko sadharon se pani de jati hai .2)proteble spring pump–proteble spring pump ek Prakar ka pump hai,jo chalte phirta hai aur spring ke energy ka upyog karke pani ko upar khechta hain .ye pump Mei kom pani se Jada khet Mei pani di jati hai. 3)tractor mountain spring pump–ye pump tractor ke upor upyog kiya Jata. Ye aksar mountain Areas mai ek sath kom samai mai Jada khet mai pani de ja sakti hai.4)battery operat pump—-ye ak prokar ke battery charg karne ki tarika se chalne wala pump hai .ese apni sath khet mein le jane ki assan Hota hai,ismein kharcha kom hai.

Murgi palan….30/09/2024.

murgi palon —

Murgi palan ek lucrative hai Jo khadya suraksha aur arthik samriddhi ke liye mahatvapurn hain,

murgi palan ke faida…..

• Murgi ke ande aur means.
• Protein ka Acha srat.
• Mur ki palan se arthik samridhi hoti hai,.
• Murgi palan se khadya suraksha badhti hai.

murgi palan ke jaruri baatein…..

• Sahi aahar .
• Murgi ke swasthya ka dhyan.
• Vaccine.
• Sahi breed ka chayan.
• Projati.

murgi palan ke liye upyok……

• Murgi Fram
• Murgi feed.
• Health.

murgi palan ke liye mahatvapurn baatein…..

1)murgi ki umar-5-7 Saal.

2) murgi ke andi -280-300.prati varsh

3) murgi ki manch 1.5-2kg

Ande kw liye murgi ki projati—–1)white lag Har-13-14 month egg deta hai ,egg ka bajan 52-55gm production 85%. B.v300——2)350 se Jada ek sal mai egg deta hai ,ande ka bajan 60 gm production 95%. Bovance white—-3)–350 se Jada egg deta hai ,egg ka bajan 65gm production 90%. Hy-line—4)-350 se Jada AK sal mai egg deta hai,egg ka bajan 50-55 ek sal ka production 80-85. Poultry farming…….chicken ke liye boilar murgi ke farming A akarse bonai jati hai, lambai center Purab (east) paschim (west) disha mai rakhi jati hai,aur centre ki lambai 12-15 ft hona chahiye. Uttar (north) aur dakshin (south) mai.chaura ka boundri niche mai 1-1 1/2 ft rakna chahiye. Aur center ka wall full Hota hai,aur bich ka wall Hawa Vitor tak jaiye eisa hona chahiye,farming thanda aria mai hona chahiye…..

Hydroponics kheti ke ware mein jankari.2/09/2024.

Hydroponics kheti bibostha .Pani mein ki jani kheti hein ,jismein podhe ko mitthi ki Bagar paani mein ugaya Jata hain,

ismein podho ko pashok tatva aur paani ki jarurat ke anussar diya Jata hain.

Material—–

• Hydroponics system.
• Drip errigation.
• Pashak tatva.
• Paani.
• Oxygen supply.
• Temperature control.
• Pipe aur fitting.
• Pump,
• Sensors,controller, electricity connection.

paani ka treatment ===

• Water filter.sedinent filter activated carbon filter.
• ph meter.
• EC miter.
• Water softener.

hydroponics kheti ki fayda=====

• Mitti ki kami mein v kheti ki jati hein .
• Paani ki bachat hoti hai,
• Paudhon ki viridian tez hoti hai.
• Kam majdoori ki jarurat hoti hai.

upoyg—–

• Tomato ,khir,Cucumber, strawberries,salad leaves.

hydroponics kheti ….

Hydroponics kheti mein mein jeise fside hain kuch problem v atti hain jeise ki kharcha Jada.

Errigation system ka dhyan rakhn temperature maintenence ,paani bibostha ka maintenence, aur ye kheti ka faida .

Dudh nikalneki podhoti—-Date 22/09/2024.

Practical–pasuwoka dudh nikalte samai sahi tarikese dudh nikalna chahiye.

podhotiya—

Hathse dudh nikalna.

• Muth podhoti.
• Chikuta podhoti .
• Angutha podhoti.

1)muth podhoti–gai ka dudh nikalte samai muth podhoti ka proyog karte hain.

2)sikuta ya chimtha podhoti –chimtha podhoti ka proyog bakri ya ver ki dudh nikalne samoi proyog karte hain.

3)Angutha podhoti–es podhoti ka proyog baffloo dudh nikalte samoi upoyog karte hain.

machine se dudh nikal na—-1)solar ka machine se .

—-2)electricity ka machine se.

1)solar ka machine–solar ka machine mein 10 litter dudh nikalneke liye 10 minutes samoi lagra hain.

2)electricity machine—electricity machine main 10 litter dudh nikalneke liye 5 minutes somoi lagta hain.

Machine ka proyog Jata tar gai ka dudh nikalneke liye upoyog karta hain Q ki gai ka ston kumol rehti hain.

machine ka faida–time kom ,mojdur kom ,kharcha kom.

Lukshan—–1)machine kharidna.

2)machine kharab ho sakta hain.

3)sabdhaniyara porakna .

hath ka fsuda—–1)dudh Pura nikalta hain .

2)ismein gai ka koi lukshan nehi Hota.

lukshan—-1)time Jada, labour Jada,kharcha Jada.

posuwoki Fram ki safai.

1)posuwoki safai mein Dhiyan rakhna.

2)Fram ki safai karna ,white colour Chuna Fram mein lagana Taki bacteria na ho.

3) khana saf -safai mein Dhiyan Dena.

4)Fram ki as pa’s saf safai ka Dhiyan Dena.

Sabdhaniyata…… 1)As-pas mein plastic bag na ho ese sabdhan hona.

2)khaido bibostha ka Acha se dhiyan rakhna.

3) dudh nikalneka jaga aur tarika saf hona.

gliricidia ki patte ko khad liye upyok .1/09/2024.

Project—gliricidia ki patte ki organic khad teiyar karna …

material—-gliricidia ki patte, Pani, Mg so4.

gliricidia mein pai jati hain..

• Nitrogen-2.4%
• Phosphorus-0.1%
• Potaciam-1.8%
• Calcium

• Magnesium.

practical—–1)gliricidia ka leaf 400gm.

—-add 2 litter water.

——boil 20 minutes.

——add MG.So4. 40gm.

——-babbling far 48 hrs, 2days..

Faide—-ye khad ham Har ek podhe aur per main de sakte hai ,ye faide mand hai .

sikha—glicidia se banaya khad ek prokar ka organic khad hein ,is khad se Hamara khet ko kisi Tarah ki lukshan nehi pohuchange.

aur ham ese Har ek per -podhe main de sakte hain ,aur ye natural hain.

Khet se weed nikalna. Date 18/09/2024

weeda–khet mein usefull nehi hone Wali paudhein ko weeds kehlata hain yeh paudhein khet ki urvarakta ko kam kar

Deti hain aur paudhe ki virddhi rok deti hain,

weeds ka character =

• Pani -weeds kom Pani honese v ugneki Poriman Jada Hota hain.
• Season-koi koi weeds Har ek mousam mein rehta hain aur koi koi 3-4 month mein ugg Kar Khatam ho Jata hain.
• Germination-weeds ki Germination ka quality ham lagaya huwa seeds se Jada Hota hain .

weeds se hone wala lukshan.

• Nutrients—extra weeds ki Karon hamare vasal ko Nutrients ki komi hoti hain.
• Pani-khet ki adha hisha Pani weeds le leti hain.
• Kharcha -weeds hone se use nikalneki kharcha bar Jata hain.
• Green mannuring crop.
• Culture practice .
• Hand pulling.

medicine ka upyok jeise….

selective–tirzen-marze crop ,goal’s tergasuper,onion aur rasun ki khet ke liye.

non selective–Ammonium salf of glyphasate, roundup,diamind.

Khet se weed nikalna. Date 18/09/2024

weeda–khet mein usefull nehi hone Wali paudhein ko weeds kehlata hain yeh paudhein khet ki urvarakta ko kam kar

Deti hain aur paudhe ki virddhi rok deti hain,

weeds ka character =

• Pani -weeds kom Pani honese v ugneki Poriman Jada Hota hain.
• Season-koi koi weeds Har ek mousam mein rehta hain aur koi koi 3-4 month mein ugg Kar Khatam ho Jata hain.
• Germination-weeds ki Germination ka quality ham lagaya huwa seeds se Jada Hota hain .

weeds se hone wala lukshan.

• Nutrients—extra weeds ki Karon hamare vasal ko Nutrients ki komi hoti hain.
• Pani-khet ki adha hisha Pani weeds le leti hain.
• Kharcha -weeds hone se use nikalneki kharcha bar Jata hain.
• Green mannuring crop.
• Culture practice .
• Hand pulling.

medicine ka upyok jeise….

selective–tirzen-marze crop ,goal’s tergasuper,onion aur rasun ki khet ke liye.

non selective–Ammonium salf of glyphasate, roundup,diamind.

Practical –mirchi ka podha rupon.

material—30 days ka mirchi ka podha ,rahayonik khad ,Roko powder ,SSO ,Matti .

Project—hamne kiya ,100 mirchi ka podha liya ,mitti main Hal Chalayan, uska baad weed tha usko kheti se nikala ,

aur pother tha Matti main usko v nikala ,made banaya uske baad rasayanik khad aur S.S.P Matti main mixed karke Pani diya ,

aur 60 cm distance main 100 podha rupon kiya.uske baad add Pani. Mirchi ek Prakar ka masala hai Jo khane mein swaad aur tikha pan Lata hai, mirchi ki kuch details..

1)Hari mirchi.

2)Lal mirchi.

3)neeli mirchi.

4)kashmiri mirchi.

mirchi ke gun..

• Vitamin C se bharpoor.
• Pachan Shakti badhane mein madat.
• Digestion ko Sidharta hai.

uoyog.

• Khane mein masala.
• Achar banaane mein.
• Chutney banaane mein.
• Medicine mein.

kheti.

• Mirchi ki kheti bharat mein bohut Adhik hoti hai.
• Andhra pradesh, telangana aur karnataka mirchi ki sabse badi utpadak rajya hai.

hamne sikha ki mirchi ek mahatvapurn masala hai ,uske rupon main kiya kiya process karna chahiye jisme se hame lukshan na pohuche. Aur Laganne samoy hame Matti mein kiya kiya chij ka Dhiyan rakhna chahiye Taki Matti ka urborota mein komi na hoo aur kiya khad Milana chahiye.

Drip irrigation

1)rip irrigation –ek modern tarika se ki Jane Wale jal sankaran kheti hai,is mein jal ko directly plant ke roots tak pohunchaya

Jata hai,jisse jal ki barbadi aur waste ko kam kiya Jata hai.

2)Drip irrigation ke fayde.

1)jal ki bachat 50-70% .

2)plant ko sahi maatra main jal milta hai.

3)Automatic system.

4)jal ki quality mein Sudhar Hota hai.

Drip errigation system ke mulki…

1)water source.

2)pump ,p.v.c pipe.

3)gromet, tack off,lateral.

4)Dripper,end cap .

2]Drip errigation ke liye upayog…..

1]sobji ke kheti .

2)phal ke baghecha.

3)flowers garden.

3]Subidha ye .

1)investment Adhi Hota hai.

2)maintenance.

3)Drip emitters main chogging ho sakta hai.

Drip errigation system se weed ka proman kom Hota hai,Aur Pani ka bachaw bohut Hota hai production ka Matra Barta hai,time kom lagta hai

Soil testing prakiya Date 19/09/2024.

soil testing-mati kheti karneka upyok he ki nehi ,mati mai kiya kami he ese test ki jariye proman korneko

ham soil testing kehte hai ,

Ye bhumi ki gunvatta ko nirdharit karta hai ki.

nitrogen ,phosphorus, potaciam,organic carbon, ph kitne Matra Mai hai .

Material—-mati ,result ka chat ,testing Sisa botol ,mithi ko chaneka chakni extra ..

process—pehte khet se jik Jak ^^^^^^tarikhese mati Sukhi jagase 15-20 cm niche ki mati Lana hai ,

mati ko 1kg mati ko 4 vag mai divide karke tircha 2 vag ka mati Lena Hai,

eise 3 bar tak Kar hai aur miti chakni se chal Kar 250 gm test ke liye Lena Hai .

1]test-[nitrogen – no 1 -botol AN-1soliution 6ml and 1gm soil minutes tak mixed aur 5 minutes rakhna hai .

Aur no-2 dry and saf botol lene hai droper ka sahai se no-1 botol se 2ml leke no-2 mai dahna hai or no2 mai 4 drop AN -2 dahna hai AN ka meaning available nitrogen ka solution dalne ka bad mixed 1-2ber aur AN-3 ka solution Dal k 5 minutes tak rakhna hai .last result…..

2]test -phosphorus]–Ap-1 6ml solution add no-1botol and 1gm soil add and mixed minutes minutes rukna hai,no-1 3ml drop no-2

add and Ap-2 add 6 drop mixed and Ap-3ka 3 drop add and mixed 5 minutes wait and chat compeair.

3]test -potaciam]-no-1 botol add 6ml AK and 2gm soil add and mixed wait minutes, no-1 se 2ml drop add no-2 botol mixed minutes and wait and add Ak-2 tablet and mixed complete,and add Ak-3 4drop solution colour purple 💜 last add AK-4ka drop job tak colour blue nehi Hota. 15 drop se ager kom ho th result very high..

Soil testing ek mahatvapurn prakriya hai Jo bhumi ki gunvatta ko nirdharit karta hai .Fasal lagnese phele aur fasal ka vikash ke dauran, Fasal katneke Baad ,Har 2-3 Saal main test karna hai.

Nitrogen-1)Nitrogen protein ka mahatvpurn ghatak hai Jo podha ke vikash mein madat karta hai .

2)patte ke Nirmaan mein madat karta hai aur unko hara rong deta hai.

3]fotosynthesis prakriya mein madat karta hai jisme podhe Surya ke Prakash se urja Prakat karta hai.

4]falon ki utpatakta badhane mein madat karta hai.

nitrogen ki kami ki lukshan.

1]patta pela pad Jata hain .

2]podhe ka vikash ruk Jata hai,Fasal ki utpatakta kam ho Jata hai.

3]podhe kamjor ho Jata hai.

phosphorus—phosphorus roots ke vikash mein madat karta hai,aur phosphorus phoolon aur falon ke vikash mein madat karta hai,aur DNA ka Nirman prokiya mein madat karta hai .phosphorus ki kami se hone wala nuksan. 1]roots konjor porna 2)phool aur fal kam hona ,3)podha ka vikash ruk jana ,4)patte Pila pad jana.

Potaciam—Potaciam podhe ka vikash aur patte ka vikash mein madat karta hai,2)roots ka vikash mein mein madat karta hai,aur podhe ko rogon se ladaai aur utpatakta badhane mein madad karta hai. Potaciam ki kami ka lukshan 1)patte Pila pad Jata hai, 2)phool aur fal kam ho Jata hain ,3)roots komjor ho Jata hai ,4)podhe ki vriddi ruk Jata hai . Soil testing ek mahatvapurn bhumika hai joh hamei kheti ka NPK ka Matra ko advance jankari mil sakti hai ,jeise hame kheti karnese faideman hoo aur ache production mile ,ye Kissan k liye aur sob k liye bohut important bhumika hai .

pollyhouse

Polly house ke bare mai jankari .

Polly house—Polly house ek mordarn tarikese ki Jani wala subidha

janok kheti karne ki tarika hai,jeise .Polly house mai kheti karnese

Ham system ko control Karna apne hath mai rehta hai .

Polly house ka design aur location ka upor Material lagta hai ,jeise ki,

1)Electrical connection, 2)foundation Material,

3)door ,net,pipe aur fitting, drip irrigation system.

4)pump aur water tank,cooling system, ventilation system.

5)climate control system, humidity control system.

Polly house mai kheti karneka faida –

Polly house mai ham mousam ki provab se podhe Bachav our temperature

control, fasal ki utpatakta badhane mein madat ,water conservation, better quality product .

off season farming . Polly house mai ki Jane wala kheti 1)simla mirchi 2)

hamne sikha …Polly house ek bohut subidha janok kheti karne ka tarika hai jisme

ham hydroponics jeise kheti or drip errigation system Kar sakte hai aur kom samoi

mai ek he jaga par ache production pa sakte hai .off season ka kheti v Kar sakte hai .

Polly house mai extra weed aur bacteria kom Matra Hota hai .

Grafting prokiya1/08/2024

1)Practical-mango ka podha mai grafting ka process karna.

2)Material–plastic ,c counter,local mango ka podha or ache production milne wala mango ka podha ka scion.

plastic bag mithi.

3)grafting—-grafting mein ek paudhe ka hissa,jise scion kaha Jata hai ,dusra paudha ke hissao jise

Rootstock kaha Jata hai,ese scion mein paudhe ki Nayi Shikhar our patte hai,aur rootstock mein

podhe ki jar Hota hai eise treacnic se podha ko lagaya jana wala prokriya ko grafting kaha Jata hai.

hamne kiya (1)10 plastic bag mai mithi liya (,2)mathi voraya( ,3)ache production milne wala mango ka pidha ka upori hisha .

4)local mango ka podha ka rootstock, (5)bandnekeliye plastic.

ye sob samogri lekar hamne joh local mango ka podha tha uska upori hisha 4cm tak couter ka madatse kata aur

nije ki hisha bich mese 1cm tak kata Taki ham scion ko ache se jor sake ,or joh rootstock se podha ko chahiye oh scion ko mile.

Scion ki niche hisha 1cm tak upori chilka nikal Kar plastic ki badat se join karke bandh diya.

Hamne sikha ….grafting prokiyase hame kom samoi Mei production milta hai ,q ki joh local mango ka tree mai production mai Jada time lagra hai lekin joh rootstock hai woh mithi mai joh pai jati hai absorb karne ka sakti Acha hei ,grafting process kom samoi Mei Isliye podha ka 2 hisha ko jor Kar grafting kiya Jata hai .

Dhoniya ka seeds rupon .Date 28/08/2024

Practical-dhoniya ka seeds rupon gibrelic acid ka Experiment.

Material-plastic bag ,mithi,dhoniya ka seeds,metalaxyl Pani.

dhoniya-

Dhoniya ek mahatvapurn masala hai Jo khane main swad

aur aroma Badhata hai.yeh Indian cuisine ka ese important hissa mana jata hai.

dhoniya ka or v bohut Sara Gunn hai jeise…

1]digestive system ko mojboot Karnal.

2]vitamin C or K

3]khane mai swad aur aroma bahana.

4]Ayurvedic pachan shakti badhana.

5]medicinal upyog blood sugar control karna.

production –hamne dhoniya ka seeds lagaya or usko do vag mai bivajon kiya .A or b .or A B mai gibrelic acid ka proyeg .

Gibrelic acid ka proyog se Peale.

A]5/9/2024….6cm,4c.m

B]5/9/2024/ 3c.m 5c.m 2cm

Gibrelic proyog ke pehe. Gibrelic acid proyog ke bad A-B

A]19/09/2024 ……9cm ,8cm,10cm, 7.2cm,	A]19/09/2024………13cm 14 cm,15cm,
B]19/09/2024…….7.8cm 10.5cm,11cm,	B]19/09/2024………15.7cm,16,cm,14.8cm

hamne sikha …..dhoniya mein gibrelic acid ka proyog karnese growth joldi Hota hai ,fungures ka treatment bavisting powder 2gm 1/2 litter Pani main mixed kiya aur dhoniya mein apply kiya .