\1. Solar Energy is Collected

A solar collector is installed in a place where it receives maximum sunlight. When sunlight falls on the collector, the black-colored pipes absorb the heat from the sun. The pipes become hot and transfer this heat to the water flowing inside them.

  1. Cold Water Enters the Collector

Cold water from the water supply or storage tank enters the solar collector through the pipes. The water slowly flows through the pipes that have been heated by sunlight.

  1. Water Gets Heated

As the cold water passes through the hot pipes, it absorbs the heat from them. The temperature of the water gradually increases. This process continues as long as sunlight is available.

  1. Hot Water Moves to the Storage Tank

When the water becomes hot, it becomes lighter and naturally moves upward. The hot water then enters the insulated storage tank. The insulation helps to reduce heat loss and keeps the water hot for a longer time.

  1. Cold Water Replaces the Hot Water

As hot water moves into the storage tank, cooler water moves down toward the solar collector. This cold water again passes through the heated pipes and becomes hot. This creates a continuous natural circulation of water.

  1. Hot Water is Used

The hot water stored in the tank can then be used for different household purposes such as bathing, washing clothes, washing utensils, and other daily activities.

ЁЯФД Simple Flow

тШАя╕П Sunlight
тЖУ
Solar Collector absorbs heat
тЖУ
Pipes become hot
тЖУ
Cold water enters the pipes
тЖУ
Water gets heated
тЖУ
Hot water moves to the storage tank
тЖУ
Cold water moves back to the collector
тЖУ
Water is heated again
тЖУ
ЁЯЪ┐ Hot water is ready to use

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IITM-EIACP Programme Centre
Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Pune